Article Sidebar
Published:
09/12/2025
Abstract Views: 0
Views PDF: 0
Views PDF: 0
Issue
Section
Articles
How to Cite
Nguyen, T. P. M., Do, D. H., Ho, N. N. Y., & Nguyen, G. K. (2025). Mechanism of sanility intrusion and temporal distribution of freshwater in the Dinh An estuary, Vietnamese Mekong delta. Journal of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, 97, 97-102. https://dev.vojs.vn/index.php/jwree/article/view/21
Mechanism of sanility intrusion and temporal distribution of freshwater in the Dinh An estuary, Vietnamese Mekong delta
Main Article Content
Abstract
The Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD), responsible for over half of Vietnam’s rice production and most of its aquaculture and fruit yields, is facing freshwater shortages due to intensified salinity intrusion (SI) and climate change impacts. This study integrates field measurements and MIKE 3D numerical modelling to analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics of salinity intrusion in the Dinh An branch of the Hau River. Results show that peak salinity concentration (Smax) typically occurs near the bottom, lagging 1–2 hours behind maximum water level during tidal cycles and 4-6 days in fortnightly tidal cycle during the neap–spring transition. The Dinh An estuary exhibits partial mixing with moderate stratification, with freshwater availability extending approximately 30 km inland during the dry season. The research results provide an important scientific basis for optimizing sluice gate operations to manage freshwater intake
Article Details
Keywords
Salinity intrusion, Mekong estuaries, tidal regime, mixing and stratification
References
Eslami S., Hoekstra P., Trung N.N., Kantoush S.A., Binh D.V., Dung D.D., Quang T.T. and Vegt M.V.D. (2019). Tidal amplification and salt intrusion in the Mekong Delta driven by anthropogenic sediment starvation. Scientific Reports, 9.
Gugliotta, M., Saito, Y., Nguyen, V.L., Ta, T.K.O., Nakashima, R., Tamura, T., Uehara, K., Katsuki, K., Yamamoto, S. (2017). Process regime, salinity, morphological, and sedimentary trends along the fluvial to marine transition zone of the mixed-energy Mekong River delta, Vietnam. Cont. Shelf Res. 147, 7–26.
doi:10.1016/j.csr.2017.03.001.
Gong,W. and Shen,J. (2011). Response of salt intrusion to changing river flow and tidal amplitude during winter season in the Modaomen Estuary, Pearl River Delta area, China. Continental Shelf Research 31, 769–788
Hai D. D. (2022). Study of salinity intrusion mechanisms and proposal of some solutions for rational water exploitation in the estuary and coastal areas of the Vietnam Mekong Delta. PhD thesis, SIWRR, Vietnam.
Kuenzer, C., Campbell,I., Roch,M., Leinenkugel,P., Tuan,V.Q., and Dech,S. (2013). Understanding the impact of hydropower development in the context of upstream-downstream relations in Mekong river basin, Sustainability Science, Vol.8, pp.565-584.
Marcello G., Yoshiki S., Lap N.V., Oanh T.T. K, ReiN, Toru T., Katsuto U. and Seiichiro Y.(2017). Process regime, salinity, morphological, and sedimentary trends along the aluvial to marine transition zone of the mixed-energy Mekong River Delta, Vietnam, Continental Shelf Research.
Mai N.P., Kantoush S., Sumi T.S., Thang T.D., Binh D.V., and Trung L.V. (2018). Assessing and adapting the impacts of dams operation and sea level rising on saltwater intrusions into the Vietnamese Mekong Delta, Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Eng.) Vol. 74, No. 5, pp. 373-378.
Mai N.T.P. (2022). Study on Assessment and Adaptation to Saltwater Intrusion under the Impacts of Tide, Sea-Level Rise, Flow and Morphological Changes in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. PhD Thesis, Kyoto University, Japan.
Nguyen A. D., Savenije H., Pham D. and Tang D. (2009). Using salt intrusion measurements to determine the freshwater discharge distribution over the branches of a multi-channel estuary: the Mekong Delta case, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 77, 433–445.
Rasanen, T.A., Koponen, J., Lauri, H. and Kummu, M.(2012). Downstream hydrological impacts of hydropower development in the upper Mekong Basin, Water Resources Management, Vol. 26, pp. 3495–3513.
Savenije, H.H.G., 2012. Salinity and Tides in Alluvial Estuaries, Amsterdam: Elsevier, Second Edition.
Salinity report (2024). Investigation, Forecasting, and Monitoring of Salinity Intrusion in the Mekong Delta to Support Agricultural Production Management. SIWRR.
http://www.siwrr.org.vn/?gid=93
Gugliotta, M., Saito, Y., Nguyen, V.L., Ta, T.K.O., Nakashima, R., Tamura, T., Uehara, K., Katsuki, K., Yamamoto, S. (2017). Process regime, salinity, morphological, and sedimentary trends along the fluvial to marine transition zone of the mixed-energy Mekong River delta, Vietnam. Cont. Shelf Res. 147, 7–26.
doi:10.1016/j.csr.2017.03.001.
Gong,W. and Shen,J. (2011). Response of salt intrusion to changing river flow and tidal amplitude during winter season in the Modaomen Estuary, Pearl River Delta area, China. Continental Shelf Research 31, 769–788
Hai D. D. (2022). Study of salinity intrusion mechanisms and proposal of some solutions for rational water exploitation in the estuary and coastal areas of the Vietnam Mekong Delta. PhD thesis, SIWRR, Vietnam.
Kuenzer, C., Campbell,I., Roch,M., Leinenkugel,P., Tuan,V.Q., and Dech,S. (2013). Understanding the impact of hydropower development in the context of upstream-downstream relations in Mekong river basin, Sustainability Science, Vol.8, pp.565-584.
Marcello G., Yoshiki S., Lap N.V., Oanh T.T. K, ReiN, Toru T., Katsuto U. and Seiichiro Y.(2017). Process regime, salinity, morphological, and sedimentary trends along the aluvial to marine transition zone of the mixed-energy Mekong River Delta, Vietnam, Continental Shelf Research.
Mai N.P., Kantoush S., Sumi T.S., Thang T.D., Binh D.V., and Trung L.V. (2018). Assessing and adapting the impacts of dams operation and sea level rising on saltwater intrusions into the Vietnamese Mekong Delta, Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Eng.) Vol. 74, No. 5, pp. 373-378.
Mai N.T.P. (2022). Study on Assessment and Adaptation to Saltwater Intrusion under the Impacts of Tide, Sea-Level Rise, Flow and Morphological Changes in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. PhD Thesis, Kyoto University, Japan.
Nguyen A. D., Savenije H., Pham D. and Tang D. (2009). Using salt intrusion measurements to determine the freshwater discharge distribution over the branches of a multi-channel estuary: the Mekong Delta case, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 77, 433–445.
Rasanen, T.A., Koponen, J., Lauri, H. and Kummu, M.(2012). Downstream hydrological impacts of hydropower development in the upper Mekong Basin, Water Resources Management, Vol. 26, pp. 3495–3513.
Savenije, H.H.G., 2012. Salinity and Tides in Alluvial Estuaries, Amsterdam: Elsevier, Second Edition.
Salinity report (2024). Investigation, Forecasting, and Monitoring of Salinity Intrusion in the Mekong Delta to Support Agricultural Production Management. SIWRR.
http://www.siwrr.org.vn/?gid=93